1. Vocabulary in use
i. Find the following words in the text above, and figure out their meanings in context.
degeneration, perspective, disappear, unintelligible, promote, investigate
Example:
Word in the context: As we know, the development in recent technology has a significant role to create a global village. People from any part of the world can communicate easily on the Internet.
Meaning: important
Answers
The word 'degeneration' is not in the text.
perspective => view, perception
disappear => vanish, disappear
unintelligible => incomprehensible, meaningless
promote => encourage, support
investigate => inspect, examine
ii. Observe the underlined words below, and find out their meanings in the context.
a. Because of Jack’s fear, Sangina was reluctant to tell the truth. So she told a lie.
b. Teachers had a joint conference with the students. They had planned to discuss the existing issues of classroom teaching.
c. Towering mountains have formed a natural barrier between China and Nepal.
d. Understanding between people develops a feeling of fraternity in society.
e. The company has continued to flourish over the years. It has made a great success.
f. The Nepali language is the lingua franca in Nepal. It is used as a common language by different linguistic groups.
Answers
Words Meanings
reluctant => unwilling, hesitant
conference => meeting, session, seminar
barrier => blockade, obstacle, hurdle
fraternity => community, society
flourish => grow, thrive, prosper
lingua franca=> common language
iii. Find the following words in the text above, and underline their best synonyms next to them. The first one has been done for you.
determine: fix on; discover; influence
diversity: difference; similarity; variety
inherent: intrinsic; extrinsic, built-in
integrity: togetherness; incompleteness; entirety
dialect: standard form; vernacular language; regional variety
reciprocal: interactive; complementary; one-way
2. Reading comprehension
Question Answers of Unit 2 Reporting Statements
a. Who are the two speakers in the debate?
Ans: The two speakers in the debate are Karma and Kabita.
b. Who is the supporter of fewer languages?
Ans: Karma is the supporter of fewer languages.
c. What do Karma and Kabita claim?
Ans: Karma claims that using a single language is better for making our life easier and Kabita claims that using multiple languages is better to make life easier and comfortable.
d. Which language is supposed to have a musical quality?
Ans: The Sanskrit language is supposed to have a musical quality.
e. What brings variety in literature?
Ans: Linguistic and cultural differences bring variety in literature.
f. What can minimize the communication barrier?
Ans: Using a single language can minimize the communication barrier.
g. Write down any three benefits of having fewer languages.
Ans: Three benefits of having fewer languages are:
· It strengthens our fraternity.
· It helps in international business and economy.
· It promotes integrity and global understanding
h. Mention any three benefits of having many languages in the world.
Ans: The three benefits of having many languages in the world are:
· It preserves our identity.
· It boosts tourism.
· It promotes our culture.
Summary of a Debate
For the motion: Using a single language is better than multiple languages
- Every year, several languages die out.
- The world has become a global village due to the development in science and technology.
- People prefer learning the language that helps them to communicate in the global village.
- Using the same language would certainly aid understanding and global community.
- People can communicate with one another without any problem if there is a single language.
- A single language can unite all the people as global citizens.
- A single language would promote learning and the flow of information and ideas.
- Economic growth is also possible by using single language.
- Interpreters will not be needed in international conferences, seminars and workshops.
- Single language minimizes the communication barriers and helps international business and also makes the world‟s economy healthier.
- Use of a single language may help in solving international and intercultural security problems.
- A single language strengthens our fraternity, integrity, security and global understanding, in addition to helping international business and economy.
Against the motion: Using multiple languages is better than a single language
- Every year several languages die out. With them, the knowledge inherent there dies too.
- Language influences our thought which then influences the reality of the world around us.
- Language carries the culture.
- Cultural and linguistic diversity have a reciprocal relationship.
- Having only one global language is not good.
- Each culture is unique.
- If a language disappears, along with it, the culture also disappears.
- Cultural diversity boosts tourism
- The loss of cultures leads to the collapse of the tourism industry.
- Using fewer languages also create identity problems.
- The ethnic groups without their own language and culture lose their linguistic and cultural identity.
- Variety in literature is only possible through linguistic and cultural differences.
- Each language has its own taste and owns distinct quality.
Note:-Write a summary using these points.
Read the text again and decide whether the following statements are true or false
a. Karma supports that the fewer the languages, the easier the life will be.
=> True
b. He claims that the global village is possible through the development of Technology.
=> True
c. The Nepali language is said to have a musical quality.
=> False
d. Kavita questions the practicability and possibility of using a single language across the globe.
=>True
e. She argues that if you use fever languages, it may create identity problems.
=>True
Grammar
A. Engage yourself
1. Go through the following expressions of Prashanna and Dolma, and find out how their expressions differ.
Prashanna (on Friday evening): I don’t like this party. I want to go home now.
Dolma (on Saturday morning): Prashanna said that she didn’t like the party, and she wanted to go home then.
Answer=>
a. The first expression is in direct speech (what Prashanna said) but the second one is in indirect speech (what Dolma reported to someone else of what Prashanna said).
b. In the first expression first person pronoun (I) is used, whereas in the second expression, first person is changed into (she).
c. In the first expression the time adverb is „now‟, whereas in the second expression the time adverb is 'then', etc.
2. Tick (Ö ) the correct indirect speech for the following direct expressions.
i. Palten says, “I have won the match.”
=> Palten says that he has won the match.
ii. Yangchen said, “I don’t like to study all the time.”
=> Yangchen said that he didn’t like to study all the time.
B. Time for grammar
1. Read the speech bubbles, and find what Sujal said to Sanskriti.
What Sujal said | What Sanskriti said |
Sujal said, “I‟ll see you tomorrow.” | Sanskriti said, “I am leaving now.” |
Sujal said, “Sarina phoned me.” | Sanskriti said, “I will phone you tomorrow.” |
Sujal said, “I can‟t swim.” | Sanskriti said, “I am learning English.” |
2. Report what Sujal told Sanskriti.
=> a. Sujal told Sanskriti that he would see her the next day.
b. Sujal told Sanskriti that Sarina had phoned him.
c. Sujal told Sanskriti that he couldn‟t swim.
Grammar
3. Read the direct speech below and complete the indirect reporting that follows
a." I overslept this morning."
Sankalpa said that he had overslept this morning.
b." The earth moves around the sun."
Durga man told me that the earth moves round the sun.
c."I'm tired."
Hiramaya says that she is tired.
d."John had an accident."
Bidhya said that John had had an accident.
e." I was working until ten o'clock last night."
Asim said that he had been working until 10 o'clock the previous night.
f." When I got there, the place was almost empty."
Sandesh said that when he had got there, the place had been almost empty.
g." I enjoyed myself last night."
Anju said that she had enjoyed herself the previous night.
h."Pujan's living with her husband now."
Sujata sad that Pujan was living with her husband then.
i."I'm meeting John tonight.
Dhanesh said that he was meeting John that night.
j."It's raining cats and dogs here"
She told me that it's raining cats and dogs there
Study time
1. Listen to the telephone conversation, and complete the following message slip.
Telephone Message Slip
Caller’s name : Sapana
Call received by : Yogendra
The caller is looking for : Agrim.
Call time : 8:45 am
Call back number : 974923346
2. Listen to the telephone conversation again, and complete the following sentences with the correct words.
a. Sapana is going to watch a cultural show at Chhinnamasta.
b. Agrim is planning to go to Kathmandu.
c. Yogendra said that Agrim was out.
d. Sapana will wait for Agrim till 10:30 am.
e. Sapana will take a bus to go to Chhinnamasta.
C. Follow-up activities
1. Read the following police report narrative, and prepare a set of interview questions to be asked to Mr. Ghale, an eyewitness, so that you can extract the information included in the narrative.
On January 8, at approximately 7:45 p.m., an unidentified male entered C.N. School and stole 3 laptops. The main gate of the school was closed at the time of crime. Mr. Arun Ghale, security in-charge, was having his supper when the suspect entered. Mr. Ghale stated that he fi red fi rst. Then, he yelled, “Open the ICT lab, and get on the floor!” After the suspect put all the laptops into his bag, he ran out of the school. Mr. Ghale called the police at 8.00 p.m. He described the suspect as an “Eighteen-something male wearing jacket, jeans and a hat." Interview questions
Example: a. When did the robbery happen? ...................................................
Questions to be asked to Mr Ghale
a. When did the robbery happen?
b. What were you doing when the suspect entered he school?
c. What did the suspect do first?
d. What did the suspect ask Mr. Ghale to do?
e. When did Mr. Ghale call the police?
B. Time for writing
People have their own customs, beliefs, art, way of life and social organizations. They are the backbone of civilization and identity. Nowadays, due to western influence, we are neglecting our own culture and following western culture. This leads us to nowhere. Write an essay on “Our Culture, Our Identity” in about 300 words.
We do not have this essay right now. If you can contribute by sending your essay others can be benefited too.
C. Follow-up activity
What do you think about the value of native language in your community? Prepare a debate for or against the statement “Native language is better than the English language.”
Click on the below link to get the debate